Designing Effective Effluent Treatment Plant

The effluent treatment plant is designed for treating the effluent coming from various areas of the plant. The treatment of different effluent varies with the type of effluent. Industrial water contains many impurities and therefore highly effective Effluent Treatment Plant is required. Effluent Treatment plant design needs to be must take into consideration several factors. Characteristics of effluent that need to be considered for ETP plant design is the flow of the effluent along with biological, chemical and physical properties that affect the quality of effluent.

Some of the features of effective effluent treatment plant are-

 •Sturdy construction
 •Resistant to corrosion
 •Superior performance
 •Rapid installation
 •Flexible in reworking
 •Less civil work involved Designing of Effluent Treatment Plant

Characteristics of effluent are necessary to be considered in etp Plant design. One can decide how large the effluent plant will be depending upon the estimated inflow into the plant which is typically estimated in cubic metres per year. To get the hydraulic computation right in Effluent Treatment Plant, it is important to get the right estimates of variations in the inflow in order to get the hydraulic computation right. This also helps in correctly determining the size of conveying pipes and channels.

It is important that effluent treatment plant is built scalably as in the future the inflow of effluent increases. There are seasonal variations in the size of inflow. It may happen that in day there is larger inflow than in the night. Flow needs to be stabilised to make it constant or near constant for an effective effluent treatment plant design.This prevents functioning of treatment processes downstream. This can be achieved through the use of equalisation tanks or ponds.

Toxic substances in the effluent can affect the treatment processes. This can be reduced by dilution of toxic effluent by mixing it in equalisation ponds with effluents having lesser toxic content.

Effluent treatment plant design should be such that it is able to bear shocks during festive time and other occasions.

Physical characteristics of effluent like the colour of effluent, solids in it, its temperature and odour are also taken into account. Suspended solids indicate the poor quality of effluent which is difficult to treat.Solids may consist of grease, floating debris or oil slicks. This indicates absence of any form of pre-treatment of the effluent.

Another important thing that one need to consider in Effluent Treatment Plant design is the temperature of the effluent as an unfavourable temperature condition can impede the important biological and chemical processes. Also the solubility of important gases like oxygen is affected. At higher temperature of effluent various reactions may occur. It also promotes the solubility of oxygen in the effluent.

Scarcity of water also needs to be considered as then better technologies are needed.

ETP design is such that the required characteristics of effluent comply with the prescribed norms. If there is a risk that underground water may deplete in future or may get polluted or the soil may get polluted then effluent treatment plant needs the use of better technologies.

Purpose of EMS(Environmental Management System

Purpose of EMS(Environmental Management System

 Considering the EMS,

 What is basic purpose of this? Why we need EMS?

An Environmental management systems/environmental management plan is a set of procedures that organization and companies use for management of environmental bad impact caused by products and services. An EMS controls all effect coming from any products and services which is harmful for an environment. It helps to reduce negative impacts. Companies and organization get benefit by installing an EMS in both public and private sectors.

An EMS has basic elements and it serves different functions. They have functions like:

 ->One of them element used by an organization ,it is a review of their goals
. ->An element analyses the impact the company makes on the environment
 ->An element ensures that they are following all legal requirements
-> An element sets objectives to reduce all bad and negative impacts.
 ->An element establish programs and procedures to ensure all goals are satisfied , monitors progress and implement improvements in an EMS constantly

 All elements are combined and made cycle and this cycle includes planning, implementing, reviewing and improving. Objectives of an EMS Modern environmental management has main 2 objectives:

1.Prevention

->It is about regulatory compliance. It is like to prevent which harms to environment. There are many strategies for preventing negative impacts. Waste treatment technologies are included in prevention. Today the clean air act, clean water act, and safe drinking water act are relied on prevention.

2.Clean-up

->It is about fixing mistakes. Mistakes come in either historical events before we knew or better and more recent mishaps. Superfund focuses on clean-up. Handling of hazardous waste and clean-up problems from earlier hazardous are included in clean-up. Goals The goals of EMS are to reduce waste and increase compliance.

1.Waste Reduction ->It goes beyond compliance for reducing negative impact to environment. An environmental management system helps to reduce impact, develop and implement policies ,it helps to manage ,coordinate and monitor environmental policies. For pollution prevention and waste minimization waste reduction is designed. It is reduced by recycling.

2.Compliance ->It is the act to maintain and reach minimal standards legally. The organizations and companies may face government fines and intervention and they may not be able to operate because of government rules.

For these goals ,the selection committee of an EMS sets criteria: Capable to handle high frequency data, high performance indicators, transparency of data handling and processing, Powerful engine, factor handling customization, multiple integration capabilities, workflow automation and quality check processes.

Benefits of an EMS

 -> Reduce waste

 ->Reduce Energy cost

->Minimize environmental negative impact

 ->improve compliance 

->Improve corporate performance, image and profit ->Increase understanding of employees through the environmental concerns. 

 An EMS removes the complications which are coming with monitoring objectives and compliance requirements.

 Standards

 An environmental management plan or system has some standards certification like ISO 14001 certification. ISO 14001 is globally accepted for environmental protection. ISP 1400 covers environmental management ,and ISO 14001 is part of this. ISO 14001 addresses different standards for business in many type of industries. ISO 14001 offers framework to EMS regarding their attitudes of policies and how they handle problems. Prior an EMS have framework but now a days they have cycle.